Comprehensive, authoritative information from the most respected experts: For 30 years, that's what Children with Disabilities has given the thousands of students, faculty, and professionals who rely on it. Now this trusted text is in a NEW seventh edition, thoroughly updated with the very latest research, new instructor materials, and the critical issues professionals need to know as they prepare to work with children and families. Incorporating 5 years of significant research and progress in multiple disciplines, this highly anticipated new edition is the textbook of choice for courses on disability. The internationally respected editors bring together a who's who of contributors?of seasoned experts and fresh voices?definitive compendium of information about developmental, clinical, family, education, and intervention issues. WHAT'S NEW All-new chapters on diagnosis, neuropsychological assessment, "new" disabilities faced by survivors of previously fatal disorders, and complementary and alternative medicine New multimedia instructor materials online, including high-quality downloadable medical illustrations 30+ new contributors from diverse fields Expanded chapters on autism and ADHD New developments in neuroscience, genetics, and imaging Greater focus on interdisciplinary collaboration Considerations from drafts of the DSM-5 Thoroughly updated content in every chapter PowerPoint slides for each chapter, easy to customize for courses Children with Disabilities retains and strengthens the student-friendly features of previous editions: concise and accessible chapters, a helpful glossary, chapter overviews, case studies that bring key concepts to life, extensive cross-referencing to make information easy to find, and resource lists for every topic. And with the complete package of new multimedia instructor materials, instructors will use this textbook effectively in their courses and prepare students for years of successful practice. An unparalleled text from the leading voices in the disability field, Children with Disabilities is the cornerstone resource future professionals will keep year after year to support their important work with children and families.

About the Online Companion Materials About the Editors Contributors A Personal Note to the Reader Preface Acknowledgments Letters from Andrew Batshaw I. As Life Begins Genetics and Developmental Disabilities Mark L. Batshaw, Andrea Gropman, and Brendan Lanpher Genetic Disorders Chromosomes Cell Division and Its Disorders Genes and Their Disorders Epigenetics Genetic Testing Environmental Influences on Heredity Fetal Development Adré J. du Plessis Structural Development of the Brain Functional Development of the Fetal Nervous System Environmental Toxicants and Neurocognitive Development Jerome Paulson Scope of the Issue Susceptible Periods of Development Specific Toxicants Public Policy Implications Birth Defects and Prenatal Diagnosis Rhonda L. Schonberg Screening Evaluations During Pregnancy Prevention and Alternative Reproductive Choices Psychosocial Implications Newborn Screening: Opportunities for Prevention of Developmental Disabilities Joan E. Pellegrino What Is a Screening Test? Why Screen Newborns? How Is Newborn Screening Done? What Should Be Done When a Child Has a Positive Newborn Screen? What Happens to Children with Confirmed Disease? What Is the Risk of Developmental Disability in Children with Confirmed Disease? How Can Screening Fail? The Past, Present, and Future of Newborn Screening Prenatal Screening The First Weeks of Life Chrysanthe Gaitatzes, Taeun Chang, and Stephen Baumgart The Fetus Before Birth The Birth Process The Nervous System Premature and Small-for-Dates Infants Khodayar Rais-Bahrami and Billie Lou Short Definitions of Prematurity and Low Birth Weight Incidence of Preterm Births Causes of Premature Birth Complications of Prematurity Medical and Developmental Care of Low Birth Weight Infants Survival of Low Birth Weight Infants Care After Discharge From the Hospital Early Intervention Programs Neurodevelopmental Outcome II. The Developing Child Nutrition and Children with Disabilities Rebecca M. Haesler and Jocelyn J. Mills Typical Growth During Childhood Nutritional Guidelines Nutritional Issues in Children with Developmental Disabilities Medical Nutritional Therapy Special Nutritional Concerns in Children with Disabilities Nutrition within Complimentary and Alternative Medical Care Feeding and Its Disorders Peggy S. Eicher The Feeding Process Feeding and the Influence of Medical Conditions Feeding and the Influence of Tone, Posture, and Development Feeding Problems in Children with Disabilities Evaluation of a Feeding Problem Managing Feeding Problems Hearing and Deafness Pamela Buethe, Betty R. Vohr, and Gilbert R. Herer The 1-3-6 Guidelines for Screening and Diagnosis The Hearing System Defining Sound Defining Hearing Loss Causes of Hearing Loss Identifications of Hearing Loss Intervention for Hearing Loss Vision and Visual Impairment Brooke E. Geddie, Michael J. Bina, and Marijean M. Miller Structure and Function of the Eye Ocular Development Development of Visual Skills Common Disorders of the Eye in Children with Disabilities Disorders of the Visual Cortex Strabismus and Ocular Motility Disorders Refractive Errors in Children Vision Assessment Blindness The Brain and Nervous System Amanda Yaun, Robert Keating, and Andrea Gropman The Brain and Spinal Cord The Peripheral Nervous System The Microscopic Architecture of the Brain Techniques for Evaluating the Central Nervous System Muscles, Bones, and Nerves Peter B. Kang Components of the Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Systems Symptoms and Signs of Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Disorders Laboratory Testing and Radiography Disorders of the Neuromuscular System Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System Principles for the Management of Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Disorders Patterns in Development and Disability Louis Pellegrino Defining Disability Defining Development Patterns in Development Disturbances in Development Diagnosing Developmental Disabilities Scott M. Myers Atypical Patterns of Development Developmental Principles Diagnostic Classification The Diagnostic Process Understanding and Using Neurocognitive Assessments Lauren Kenworthy and Laura Gutermuth Anthony The Purpose of Neuropsychological Assessment A Model for Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment Domains of Functioning Assessed in Neuropsychological Evaluations Ensuring that Assessment Informs Management III. Developmental Disabilities Developmental Delay and Intellectual Disability Bruce K. Shapiro and Mark L. Batshaw Early Identification of Developmental Delay Defining Intellectual Disability Classification of Intellectual Disability Prevalence of Intellectual Disability Associated ImpairmentsMedical Diagnostic Testing Psychological Testing Treatment Approaches Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) Nancy J. Roizen Prevalence Chromosomal Findings Effects of Trisomy 21 Early Identification Medical Complications in Down Syndrome Neurodevelopment and Behavior Evaluation and Treatment Intervention Inborn Errors of Metabolism Mark L. Batshaw and Brendan Lanpher Types of Inborn Errors of Metabolism Mechanism of Brain Damage Associated Disabilities Diagnostic Testing Newborn Screening Therapeutic Approaches Speech and Language Disorders Sheela Stuart Components of Communication Typical Development of Speech and Language Bilingualism Communication Disorders Assessment Types of Communication Disorders Treatment Approaches Autism Spectrum Disorders Susan L. Hyman and Susan E. Levy Diagnostic Categories within the Autism Spectrum Diagnostic Features of Autism Spectrum Disorders Causes of Autism Spectrum Disorders Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorders Associated Conditions Treatment Approaches Attention Deficits and Hyperactivity Marianne Glanzman and Neelam Sell Diagnosis and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Subtypes Prevalence and Epidemiology Clinical Presentation Common Coexisting Conditions Associated Impairments Causes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder The Evaluation Process Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment with Coexisting Conditions Alternative Therapies Specific Learning Disabilities M.E.B. Lewis, Bruce K. Shapiro, and Robin P. Church Defining Learning Disorders Response to Intervention Prevalence Specific Reading Disability Specific Mathematics Disability Impairments Associated with Specific Learning Disabilities Health Problems Simulating Specific Learning Disabilities Assessment Procedures Intervention Strategies Cerebral Palsy Alexander H. Hoon, Jr., and Frances Tolley What Is Cerebral Palsy? What Causes Cerebral Palsy? Epidemiology Risk Factors Diagnosis Subtypes of Cerebral Palsy Establishing the Etiology (Cause) of Cerebral Palsy Associated Impairments in Cerebral Palsy Comprehensive Management for Individuals with Cerebral Palsy Neural Tube Defects Gregory S. Liptak Prevalence of Neural Tube Defects The Origin of Neural Tube Defects Prevention of Neural Tube Defects Using Folic Acid Supplementation Prenatal Diagnosis Treatment of Meningomyelocele in the Newborn Period Primary Neurological Impairments in Children with Meningomyelocele Associated Impairments and Medical Complications Educational Programs Psychosocial Issues for the Child Interdisciplinary Management Traumatic Brain Injury Melissa K. Trovato and Scott C. Schultz Incidence of Traumatic Brain Injury Causes of Traumatic Brain Injury Types of Brain Injuries Concussions Detection of Traumatic Brain Injury Severity of Traumatic Brain Injury Acute Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation of Children with Traumatic Brain Injury Outcome of Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Epilepsy Tesfaye Getaneh Zelleke, Dewi Francis T. Depositaro-Cabacar, and William Davis Gaillard Epilepsy: Definitions and Classification Diagnosis and Evaluation Treatment Multidisciplinary Care The New Face of Developmental Disabilities Nancy J. Roizen and Adrienne S. Tedeschi Sickle-Cell Disease Cancer: Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and Brain Tumors Human Immunodeficiency Virus Chronic Kidney Disease Behavioral and Psychiatric Disorders in Children with Disabilities Adelaide Robb Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among Children with Developmental Disabilities of Specific Etiologies Causes of Psychiatric Disorders in Developmental Disabilities Psychiatric Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence Vulnerability Evaluation Treatment IV. Interventions, Families, and Outcomes Early Intervention Toby Long Principles of Early Intervention Research Support for the Value of Early Intervention Components of Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act: The Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities Program Status of Early Intervention Services Future Considerations Special Education Services Elissa Batshaw Clair Eligibility for Special Education Special Education: A Description The Individualized Education Program Services Provided by Special Education Teachers The Role of the Special Education Teacher in the General Education Curriculum General Education Legislation Affecting Special Education Teachers The School-Parent Connection Behavior Principles, Assessment, and Therapy Michael F. Cataldo, SungWoo Kahng, Iser G. DeLeon, Brian K. Martens, Patrick C. Friman, and Marilyn Cataldo Operant Learning Principles and Practices Behavioral Assessment of Problem Behaviors Functional Assessment and Treatment Development Preference Assessment and Reinforcer Evaluation: From Basic Principle to Application Common Behavior Problems Severe Problem Behaviors Practical Strategies for the Classroom Behavioral Teaching Strategies Behavioral Instruction Programs Occupational and Physical Therapy Philippa Campbell Therapy Types and Purposes Intervention Frameworks Used by Physical and Occupational Therapists Team Structures and Therapist Roles Features of Pediatric Therapy Services and the Role of Therapists Intervention Strategies Evidence-Based Intervention Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sports Donna Bernhardt Bainbridge and James Gleason Health Risks of Children with Disabilities Related to a Lack of Physical Activity Considerations for Specific Disabilities Community Programs Policies Affecting Participation in Physical Activity Choice and Preparation for Physical Activity, Exercise, or Sports Injury Risk in Children Oral Health Care H. Barry Waldman, Steven P. Perlman, and George Acs Eruption of Teeth Problems Affecting Development of Teeth Contributing Factors to Oral Conditions of Individuals with Disabilities Oral Diseases Malocclusion Prevention of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease Providing Dental and Orthodontic Treatment Special Issues Regarding Dental Care for Children with Specific Developmental Disabilities The Challenge of Providing Dental Services to Individuals with Disabilities Assistive Technology Larry W. Desch Definitions and Overview Technology for Medical Assistance Assistive Technology for Disabilities-Principles and Examples Assessment for Assistive Technology Effects of Assistive Technology on the Family and Community Caring and Coping: Helping the Family of a Child with a Disability Michaela L. Zajicek-Farber Understanding Family Systems How Families Cope with the Diagnosis Long-Term Effects on the Parents Effects on Siblings Effects on the Extended Family Effects on the Child with a Disability Principles of Family-Centered Care: Role of the Professional The Role of Society and Community 38 Complementary and Alternative Therapies Michelle H. Zimmer Evidence of Treatment Efficacy Approaches to Advising Families About Complementary and Alternative Medicine Ethical Considerations Kruti Acharya, Michelle Huckaby Lewis, and Peter J. Smith Basic Ethical Principles The Relationship Between Law and Ethics Ethical Dilemmas Institutional Ethics Committees Protection of Human Subjects in Research Future Expectations: Transition from Adolescence to Adulthood Nienke P. Dosa, Patience H. White, and Vincent Schuyler General Principles of Transition Moving Toward Independence: Self-Determination Moving from School to Work Moving from Home into the Community Moving from Pediatric- to Adult-Oriented Health Care Health Care Delivery Systems and Financing Issues Angelo P. Giardino and Renee M. Turch The Concept of a Medical Home Importance of Coordination of Care Changes in Financing Health Care for CYSHCN Looking Toward the Future Appendix A Glossary Arlene Gendron Appendix B Syndromes and Inborn Errors of Metabolism Kara L. Simpson Appendix C Commonly Used Medications Michelle L. Bestic Appendix D Childhood Disabilities Resources, Services, and Organizations Index